ArticlePerspectives on behavior science2025
Levels of Replication.
Article in Perspectives on behavior science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In behavior analysis, replication is one of the most fundamental strategies used to establish generality of results. However, replication is not restricted to just repeating an experiment, whether directly or systematically. Replication is also a defining component of many procedures used in individual experiments in behavior analysis. For example, some methods, such as single-stimulus discrimination procedures, exhibit direct control over behavior with a series of mini-AB designs (trial and intertrial periods) repeated multiple times within a single session. Once stimulus control is acquired, replication is demonstrated each time stimulus presentation is followed by the appropriate response. Conditional discrimination methods have the same structure with more trial types or stimuli that control response selections. So, replication is built in not only across experiments but also in within-session experimental designs. This will be illustrated by examples showing fine-grained data analysis. The illustrations will confirm Pennypacker's emphasis that moment-to-moment analyses of behavior are essential to successful replication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.