Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40078239›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Patient Outcomes Following Parasagittal Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injections for Bilateral Lumbar Radicular Symptoms: Correlation of Contrast Spread With Symptom Relief.

Jamal Hasoon, Omar Viswanath, Alan D Kaye, Alberto Pasqualucci, Giustino Varrassi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jamal HasoonAnesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, UTHealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, USA.
Omar ViswanathPain Management, Mountain View Headache and Spine Institute, Phoenix, USA.
Alan D KayeAnesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA.
Alberto PasqualucciAnesthesia and Critical Care, University of Perugia, Perugia, ITA.
Giustino VarrassiPain Medicine, Fondazione Paolo Procacci, Rome, ITA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction Bilateral lumbar radicular symptoms are commonly treated with interlaminar epidural steroid injections (ILESIs). The parasagittal approach often results in unilateral contrast spread, which may influence the degree of bilateral symptom relief. This study evaluates whether unilateral contrast spread correlates with symptom improvement in both ipsilateral and contralateral symptoms. Methods A retrospective review of six patients with bilateral lumbar radiculopathy secondary to lumbar degenerative disc disease, spondylosis, or disc herniation was conducted. All patients underwent ILESIs using a parasagittal approach. The injectate consisted of bupivacaine, preservative-free normal saline, and triamcinolone. Contrast spread was assessed fluoroscopically, and symptom relief was evaluated at a two-week follow-up using patient-reported outcome measures. Results Ipsilateral symptom relief ranged from 75% to 100% (mean: 89.2%), while contralateral relief ranged from 0% to 90% (mean: 35.8%). Notably, two patients experienced substantial bilateral relief (80-90%) despite unilateral contrast spread. These findings suggest that while ipsilateral relief is typically achieved, contralateral relief is variable. Conclusion The side of contrast spread strongly correlates with ipsilateral symptom improvement at short-term follow-up, while bilateral symptom relief is less predictable. Understanding the relationship between unilateral contrast spread and bilateral symptom relief is critical in optimizing injection techniques for patients with lumbar radiculopathy. Future research should focus on larger cohorts, randomized controlled trials, and direct comparisons between the parasagittal approach and midline or bilateral transforaminal techniques to optimize bilateral symptom relief strategies.

Indexed as

interlaminar epidural steroid injectionlumbar degenerative disc diseaselumbar disc herniationlumbar radiculopathylumbar spondylosisnerve root compressionparasagittal approach

Identifiers

PMID40078239
PMCPMC11901417

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.