Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40078166›Full record

ArticlePNAS nexus2025

Social coordination perpetuates stereotypic expectations and behaviors across generations in deep multiagent reinforcement learning.

Rebekah A Gelpí, Yikai Tang, Ethan C Jackson, William A Cunningham

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PNAS nexus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rebekah A GelpíDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520
Yikai TangDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-3557
Ethan C JacksonDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3.
William A CunninghamDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7063-5859

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite often being perceived as morally objectionable, stereotypes are a common feature of social groups, a phenomenon that has often been attributed to biased motivations or limits on the ability to process information. We argue that one reason for this continued prevalence is that preexisting expectations about how others will behave, in the context of social coordination, can change the behaviors of one's social partners, creating the very stereotype one expected to see, even in the absence of other potential sources of stereotyping. We use a computational model of dynamic social coordination to illustrate how this "feedback loop" can emerge, engendering and entrenching role-consistent stereotypic behavior and then show that human behavior on the task generates a comparable feedback loop. Notably, people's choices on the task are not related to social dominance or system justification, suggesting biased motivations are not necessary to maintain these stereotypes.

Indexed as

agent-based modelcoordinationreinforcement learningsocial normsstereotyping

Identifiers

PMID40078166
PMCPMC11896970

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.