ArticleFoot & ankle international2025
The Impact of Social Deprivation on Outcomes in Forefoot Surgery.
Article in Foot & ankle international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe impact of social deprivation (SD) on health outcomes is a topic of increasing interest in orthopaedics. There are limited studies and no clear consensus, though, on the impact of SD on outcomes in foot and ankle surgery. Area deprivation index (ADI) is a well-studied and validated surrogate metric for SD. We hypothesized that patients with greater SD would have worse patient-reported pain and physical function at baseline and at 6 weeks and 6 months following elective forefoot surgery.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 477 forefoot surgeries between January 2015 and December 2022 to determine if SD was associated with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) related to pain and physical function. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function (PF) and pain interference (PI) assessments administered preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. SD was quantified using the ADI. Patients were divided into high- and low-deprivation groups using the national median ADI of 50.
resultsAt baseline before surgery, PROMIS-PF and PROMIS-PI scores were similar between high and low social deprivation groups. At 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery, there were no significant differences between high- and low-deprivation groups for either PROMIS-PF or PROMIS-PI. Both groups (high and low social deprivation) demonstrated similar improvements in pain and function at 6 months after surgery. The only variable associated with outcomes was employment status, with disabled and unemployed patients exhibiting greater pain and less function before surgery. Disabled patients also had greater pain after surgery.
conclusionBased on our data, social deprivation did not appear to be associated with patient-reported pain or physical function prior to forefoot surgery or at 6 weeks or 6 months following surgery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.