Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40077335›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Optimization of Injection Molding Process for High-Strength and Lightweight Back Rest of Firefighters Using Carbon Fiber Composites of Long Fiber Thermoplastic with Flame Retardants.

Kyoung-Jae Min, Joon-Hyuk Song, Hyun Tak, Bhum-Keun Song

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kyoung-Jae MinKorea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency, 110-11 Banryong-ro, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea.
Joon-Hyuk SongKorea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency, 110-11 Banryong-ro, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-2990-812X
Hyun TakKorea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency, 110-11 Banryong-ro, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0009-7195-1819
Bhum-Keun SongKorea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency, 110-11 Banryong-ro, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea.

Funding

National Fire Agency of South Korea 20024288
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study focuses on reducing the weight of oxygen respirators in firefighters' personal protective equipment (PPE), which currently accounts for about 56% of the total weight. The heavy PPE, weighing between 20 and 25 kg, restricts movement and can lead to musculoskeletal injuries. To address this, the study investigates using a carbon fiber-reinforced composite for the backrest of the oxygen respirator to reduce weight while maintaining strength. The backrest was fabricated using a long-fiber thermoplastic (LFT) composite made with PA66 resin and 30wt.% carbon fiber content. Initially, the injection-molding process conditions were identified to achieve a tensile strength of 85 MPa or higher. Additionally, flame retardants were added to improve fire resistance, with AF-480 at 5 wt.% found to be the best option. Subsequently, optimal injection conditions were set by fabricating the back rest with the composite by applying the Taguchi method to satisfy the required tensile strength. As a result, the composite material achieved a 12.8% weight reduction while maintaining the required strength. This development is expected to significantly improve firefighter safety, leading to more effective firefighting and reduced human and property damage.

Indexed as

carbon fiber LFT compositeflame-retardantoxygen respirators back restTaguchi methodweight reduction

Identifiers

PMID40077335
PMCPMC11901449

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.