ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Effect of Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder Injury on Rotator Cuff Torque and Balance in Competitive Swimmers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06552585 (Effect of Two Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder on the Torque of Shoulder Rotator Muscles in Competitive Swimmers), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Two Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder on the Torque of Shoulder Rotator Muscles in Competitive Swimmers: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Elastic Resistance Bands in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review of Neuromuscular Mechanisms, Prescription, and Functional Applications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Unilateral Breathing in Elite Swimmers: Association With Glenohumeral Microinstability and Periscapular Fatigue.Sports health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOver the season, competitive swimmers experience a progressive imbalance in rotator cuff strength, predisposing them to a significant risk factor for a swimmer's shoulder injury.
objectivesVerify the effectiveness of two 12-week preventive programs on the shoulder rotators' peak torque and conventional/functional ratios.
designA care provider- and participant-blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial with three groups.
participantsCompetitive swimmers aged 16 to 35 years with no prior clinical issues related to their shoulders.
interventionsTwice a week, over 12 weeks, the two experimental groups performed five exercises where the only difference was executing the program with weights or elastic bands, and the control group performed a sham intervention.
main outcome measuresThe concentric and eccentric peak torque of the internal and external rotators of the dominant shoulder were assessed before and after the intervention using an isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 3, at 60°/s, 120°/s, and 180°/s.
resultsAmong the experimental groups, only one test indicated a reduction (
conclusionsImplementing a 12-week preventive program minimizes the progressive shoulder rotational imbalance over the season in competitive swimmers. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06552585.
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Registered trials
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