ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Evaluation of Titanium Particles, TNF-α, and Caspase-3 Concentrations in Patients with Bones Fixations of the Maxilla and Mandibule.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The immune-microbe-metal triad: a vicious cycle driving biomaterial corrosion in the oral inflammatory microenvironment.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Oxidized-Lipid Signaling and Ferroptosis as Downstream Mechanisms of Titanium-Associated Peri-Implant Bone Loss.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biomechanical comparison of three-dimensional titanium and CFR-PEEK plates for mandibular subcondylar fracture fixation: a three-dimensional finite element analysis.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- 3D-printed titanium scaffolds coated with a multifunctional photothermal-responsive hydrogel promote osteoporotic bone defect repair.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Beyond Biocompatibility: Immune Dysregulation, Oxidative Stress, and Tissue Intolerance Associated with Ti-6Al-4V Dental Implants-A Critical Review and Perspective.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biomaterial physicochemical properties govern immune activation and bone regeneration: a titanium-focused design-oriented osteoimmunological framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of titanium implants (Ti6Al4V) on the surrounding tissues by analyzing the concentration of titanium particles, TNF-α, and caspase-3 in patients treated for jaw fractures and dentofacial deformities. The research material consisted of peri-implant tissues: fragments of periosteum adhering to a titanium miniplate and blood serum collected from 42 patients treated for mandibular fractures (Group I), and dentofacial deformities (Group II) who underwent bimaxillary osteotomy. The control group consisted of 24 generally healthy patients before bimaxillary osteotomy. The concentrations of selected cytokines, caspase-3, TNF-α in blood serum, and homogenized tissues, were determined using the immunoenzymatic method (ELISA). The concentration of titanium particles was assessed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an X-ray microanalyzer. A significant increase in the concentration of titanium, caspase-3, and TNF-α was observed in serum and periosteum in all patients who underwent bone fixation. Increased TNF-α levels indicate an intense immune response, which may lead to the degradation of peri-implant tissues and bone resorption around the miniplates and screws, while an increase in caspase-3 levels suggests that cells surrounding the implants are destroyed in response to inflammatory stress or damage induced by the presence of titanium particles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.