ReviewPolymers2025
Geopolymer-Based Stabilization of Heavy Metals, the Role of Chemical Agents in Encapsulation and Adsorption: Review.
Review in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental Performance of 3D-Formed Recycled Fiber-Reinforced Foamed Concrete: Leaching, Thermal Stability, and Microbiological Assessment.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Microbial exopolysaccharides in environmental remediation: production, mechanisms, and challenges.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Performance evaluation of 3D-printed geopolymer monoliths for cadmium adsorption.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Chelating, Reducing, and Adsorbing Agents in Geopolymers for Heavy Metals Stabilization from Galvanic Sludge.Polymers · 2025Article
- Experimental Investigation on Factors Influencing the Early-Age Strength of Geopolymer Paste, Mortar, and Concrete.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Highly effective sequestration of Ni(II) and Cr(III) ions from aqueous solution using foamed and non-foamed metakaolin based geopolymer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Adsorption of Cr(VI) ions from wastewater using water-based polyacrylic resin.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Design of Experiments Approach for Efficient Heavy Metals Stabilization Using Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Factors Affecting Consolidation in Geopolymers for Stabilization of Galvanic Sludge.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- End-of-Life Management Strategies for Fe-Mn Nanocomposites Used in Arsenic Removal from Water.Polymers · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of chemical agents in enhancing the performance of geopolymers for the stabilization and adsorption of heavy metals. Geopolymers, synthesized from aluminosilicate sources activated under alkaline conditions, are recognized for their versatile structural and environmental benefits, including low carbon emissions and high chemical resistance. Their unique Si-O-Al framework supports both stabilization/solidification (S/S) and adsorption processes, making them an ideal polymeric matrix for the immobilization of hazardous heavy metals in contaminated environments. The review categorizes the heavy metal immobilization mechanisms into physical encapsulation, ion exchange, hydroxide precipitation, and chemical complexation, depending on the specific metal species and geopolymer formulation. The introduction of chemical stabilizing agents, such as dithiocarbamate, sodium sulfide, and trimercaptotriazine, significantly improves the encapsulation efficacy of geopolymers by promoting targeted reactions and stable metal complexes. These agents enable the effective S/S of metals, such as lead, cadmium, and chromium, reducing their leachability and environmental impact. In addition to solid waste management applications, geopolymers have shown promising adsorption capabilities for aqueous contaminants, with chemical modifications further increasing their affinity for specific heavy metals. This review evaluates the impact of different agents and synthesis conditions on the overall performance of geopolymers in heavy metal immobilization, highlighting advances in environmental applications and future research directions for sustainable hazardous waste treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.