ReviewCancers2025
Targeting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Beyond PD-1/PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibodies.
Review in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- PiggyBac-Engineered Membrane-Bound IL7 TILs Combined with Anti-PD-1 Antibody Demonstrates Efficacy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: A First-in-Human Phase I Trial.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- The Right Key, the Wrong Lock: TIGIT Checkpoint Blockade and the Road to Precision Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Peripheral T-Cell Receptor β Repertoire Dynamics Correlate with Response to Anti-PD-L1 Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2026Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor pharmacology-mechanisms, ligands, and therapeutic potential.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Phase 1 multicenter study of the NKG2A targeting antibody S095029 as a single agent and in combination with anti-PD-1 in patients with advanced malignancies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Molecularly Targeted Therapies in Oncology: Mechanisms, Resistance, and Combination Strategies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Inhalable Therapeutics in Lung Cancer: Overcoming Barriers for Effective Treatment.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Editorial: Lung Cancer-From Mechanisms of Action and Risk Factors in Disease Onset to Management.Cancers · 2026Article
- Incidence and risk factors of infections in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy: a real-world retrospective study.American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Non-coding RNAs related to PD1/PD-L1 signaling with potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value in the tumorigenesis of brain cancers.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Microbial metabolites and the gut-lung axis in non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy: evidence boundaries and translational implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Overcoming resistance in lung cancer: combined mitochondrial destabilization by lipophilic cations and doxycycline in hypoxic non-small cell lung carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Redefining the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Landscape of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- MMP11 predicts colorectal cancer outcomes and its inhibitor RXP03 exerts anti-tumor effects via apoptosis activation.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Epigenetic Modifications as Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Targeting in Thyroid, Pancreas, and Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Enzymatic and microenvironmental regulation in adenosine metabolism-mediated immunosuppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Lung cancer tumor immune microenvironment: analyzing immune escape mechanisms and exploring emerging therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has revolutionized treatment, providing durable responses in a subset of patients. However, with fewer than 50% of patients achieving significant benefits, there is a critical need to expand therapeutic strategies. This review explores emerging targets in immune checkpoint inhibition beyond PD-1/PD-L1, including CTLA-4, TIGIT, LAG-3, TIM-3, NKG2A, and CD39/CD73. We highlight the biological basis of CD8 T cell exhaustion in shaping the antitumor immune response. Novel therapeutic approaches targeting additional inhibitory receptors (IR) are discussed, with a focus on their distinct mechanisms of action and combinatory potential with existing therapies. Despite significant advancements, challenges remain in overcoming resistance mechanisms and optimizing patient selection. This review underscores the importance of dual checkpoint blockade and innovative bispecific antibody engineering to maximize therapeutic outcomes for NSCLC patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.