Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40075259›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2025

Asynchronous xylogenesis among and within tree species in the central Congo Basin.

Pauline Hicter, Hans Beeckman, Basile Luse Belanganayi, Tom De Mil, Jan Van den Bulcke, Peter Kitin, Marijn Bauters, Kévin Lievens, Donatien Musepena, José Mbifo Ndiapo and 4 more

Abstract read
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Article in BMC plant biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Pauline HicterWood Biology Service, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium. pauline.hicter@africamuseum.be.
Hans BeeckmanWood Biology Service, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium.
Basile Luse BelanganayiUGent-Woodlab-Laboratory of Wood technology, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Tom De MilForest Is Life, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage Des Déportés 2, 5300, Gembloux, Belgium.
Jan Van den BulckeUGent-Woodlab-Laboratory of Wood technology, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Peter KitinForest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
Marijn BautersGhent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Kévin LievensWood Biology Service, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium.
Donatien MusepenaCentre de Recherche de Yangambi, Institut National Pour L'Etude Et La Recherche Agronomiques, Yangambi, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
José Mbifo NdiapoCentre de Recherche de Yangambi, Institut National Pour L'Etude Et La Recherche Agronomiques, Yangambi, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Nestor K LuambuaUGent-Woodlab-Laboratory of Wood technology, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Félix LaurentWood Biology Service, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium.
Bhély Angoboy IlondeaLaboratoire de Biologie du Bois, Section de La Foresterie, Institut National Pour L'Etude Et La Recherche Agronomique, Yangambi, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Wannes HubauWood Biology Service, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundXylogenesis is synchronous among trees in regions with a distinct growing season, leading to a forest-wide time lag between growth and carbon uptake. In contrast, little is known about interspecific or even intraspecific variability of xylogenesis in tropical forests. Yet an understanding of xylogenesis patterns is key to successfully combine bottom-up (e.g., from permanent forest inventory plots) and top-down (e.g., from eddy covariance flux towers) carbon flux estimates.

methodsHere, we monitor xylogenesis development of 18 trees belonging to 6 abundant species during 8 weeks at the onset of the rainy season from March to April 2022 in a semideciduous rainforest in the Yangambi reserve (central Democratic Republic of the Congo). For each tree, the weekly cambial state (dormant or active) was determined by epifluorescence microscopy.

resultsWe find interspecific variability in the cambial phenology, with two species showing predominant cambial dormancy and two species showing predominant cambial activity during the monitoring period. We also find intraspecific variability in two species where individuals either display cambial dormancy or cambial activity. All trees kept > 60% of their leaves throughout the dry season and the monitoring period, suggesting a weak relationship between the phenology of the cambial and foliar. Our results suggest that individual trees in Yangambi asynchronously activate their cambial growth throughout the year, regardless of leaf phenology or seasonal rainfall.

conclusionThese results are consistent with global analysis of gross primary productivity estimates from eddy covariance flux towers, showing that tropical biomes lack a synchronous dormant period. However, a longer-term monitoring experiment, including more species, is necessary to confirm this for the Congo Basin. As Yangambi is equipped with facilities for microscopic wood analysis, a network of inventory plots and a flux tower, further research in this site will reveal how xylogenesis patterns drive annual variability in carbon fluxes and how ground-based and top-down measurements can be combined for robust upscaling analysis of Congo basin carbon budgets.

Indexed as

TreesXylemDemocratic Republic of the CongoPlant LeavesRainforestSeasonsSpecies SpecificityCambial phenologyCarbon storageCongo BasinTropical forestYangambi

Identifiers

PMID40075259
PMCPMC11899628

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.