Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40072634›Full record

ReviewJournal of neurology2025

Could adaptive deep brain stimulation treat freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease?

Philipp Klocke, Moritz A Loeffler, Simon J G Lewis, Alireza Gharabaghi, Daniel Weiss

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: Navigating the Roadblocks to Clinical Implementation.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026
    Review
  7. Aberrant Beta-Band Network Alteration Preceding Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. What is new in Freezing of Gait?Journal of neurology · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Philipp KlockeCentre for Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. philipp.klocke@uni-tuebingen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-5270
Moritz A LoefflerCentre for Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-2762
Simon J G LewisParkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4093-7071
Alireza GharabaghiInstitute for Neuromodulation and Neurotechnology, University Hospital and University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-5281
Daniel WeissCentre for Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. daniel.weiss@uni-tuebingen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-7132

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Next-generation neurostimulators capable of running closed-loop adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) are about to enter the clinical landscape for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Already promising results using aDBS have been achieved for symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity and motor fluctuations. However, the heterogeneity of freezing of gait (FoG) with its wide range of clinical presentations and its exacerbation with cognitive and emotional load make it more difficult to predict and treat. Currently, a successful aDBS strategy to ameliorate FoG lacks a robust oscillatory biomarker. Furthermore, the technical implementation of suppressing an upcoming FoG episode in real-time represents a significant technical challenge. This review describes the neurophysiological signals underpinning FoG and explains how aDBS is currently being implemented. Furthermore, we offer a discussion addressing both theoretical and practical areas that will need to be resolved if we are going to be able to unlock the full potential of aDBS to treat FoG.

Indexed as

Deep Brain StimulationGait Disorders, NeurologicParkinson DiseaseHumansaDBSBiomarkerClosed-loopFreezingParkinson’s disease

Identifiers

PMID40072634
PMCPMC11903562

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.