ReviewInternational endodontic journal2026
Advancing dental education with technology: The integration of smartphone applications in endodontics-A narrative review.
Review in International endodontic journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmartphone applications are increasingly used in medical and dental education, offering flexible and interactive learning opportunities. In medicine, these tools enhance knowledge retention, clinical decision-making, and patient care.
objectiveThis review aims to evaluate the role of smartphone applications in endodontic education, assessing their quality, functionality, perceived impact, usability, and impact on learning outcomes.
methodsA systematic search of the App Store, Google Play, PubMed, and Scopus was conducted to identify relevant applications. The quality assessment of the apps was performed through heuristic evaluation and the uMARS tool. The Inclusion criteria focused on apps designed for endodontic education and clinical practice.
resultsFrom 350 records, 9 applications met the criteria. The heuristic rating for all apps was low to medium, except for Endolit, which demonstrated severe usability issues. Dental Endo Master received the best mean score in the uMARS rating. The selected applications offer diverse functionalities, including educational tools (EndoPrep, Endo Lit, Dental Endo Master, Adat Endodontic Cram Cards, Tooth SOS, Injured Tooth, AcciDent), diagnostic aids (Endo10), and case difficulty assessments (AAE Endo Case). Most apps were available on Android and iOS, with ratings ranging from 4.2/5 to 5/5. DISCUSSION: This study highlights the growing role of smartphone applications in endodontics, particularly in education, clinical support, and patient guidance. While these apps offer interactive learning and diagnostic assistance, their quality varies due to differences in developer expertise, usability, and regulatory oversight. Some excel in engagement and functionality, while others require improvements in customization and accessibility. Ensuring evidence-based development, standardized evaluations, and user-centered design is essential for maximizing their impact on dental education and clinical practice.
conclusionSmartphone applications have transformative potential in endodontic education, enabling flexible learning and improved clinical skills. However, challenges such as inconsistent quality and limited validation require attention. REGISTRATION: No formal registration was required for this narrative review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.