Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40072159›Full record

ReviewNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

A Comprehensive Review on Cellulose Nanofibers, Nanomaterials, and Composites: Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications.

Subin Antony Jose, Nicholas Cowan, Matthew Davidson, Giovanni Godina, Ian Smith, Justin Xin, Pradeep L Menezes

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

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  18. Role of cellulose and its derivatives for 3D printing of bone tissue scaffolds.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Subin Antony JoseDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Nicholas CowanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Matthew DavidsonDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Giovanni GodinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Ian SmithDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Justin XinDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Pradeep L MenezesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8030-8504

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), and cellulose-based composites represent a convergence of material science, sustainability, and advanced engineering, paving the way for innovative and eco-friendly materials. This paper presents a comprehensive review of these materials, encompassing their extraction, preparation methods, properties, applications, and future directions. The manufacturing of CNFs and CNMs leverages diverse techniques-chemical, mechanical, and enzymatic-with each offering distinct advantages in tailoring material characteristics to meet specific needs. Strategies for functionalization and surface modification are detailed, highlighting their role in enhancing the properties of CNFs and composites while addressing challenges in scaling production to industrial levels. The structural, mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical, and biocompatibility properties of CNFs, CNMs, and their composites are explored, underscoring their versatility for applications across various industries. Cellulose-based composites, in particular, demonstrate exceptional tunable properties for specific uses, although achieving uniform dispersion remains a key technical hurdle. These materials have applications in packaging, automotive, aerospace, biomedical devices, energy storage, and environmental remediation. Emerging research trends emphasize the integration of CNFs and CNMs with advanced manufacturing technologies, promoting sustainable practices and life cycle considerations while advancing their commercialization potential. This rapidly evolving field holds immense promise for addressing global challenges by creating high-performance, and sustainable materials. This review is crucial in advancing the understanding of cellulose nanofibers, nanomaterials, and cellulose-based composites, providing valuable insights that will drive the development of sustainable, high-performance materials for a wide range of applications, ultimately addressing key global challenges.

Indexed as

cellulose-based compositescellulose nanocrystalscellulose nanofiberscellulose nanomaterials

Identifiers

PMID40072159
PMCPMC11901645

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.