ReviewLe infezioni in medicina2025
H5N1 influenza A virus: lessons from past outbreaks and emerging threats.
Review in Le infezioni in medicina, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- An overview of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and its emerging threat in mainland Australia: Identified knowledge gaps.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Asian Flu in Milan, 1957. A brief history of the first pandemic occurred after the discovery of Influenza A virus and its impact in a large Italian city.Le infezioni in medicina · 2026Article
- Avian influenza risk mapping in India using machine learning.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- The role of ducks in detecting Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in small-scale backyard poultry farms.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Genotype A3 influenza A(H5N1) isolated from fur seals shows high virulence in mammals, but not airborne transmission.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b in Cattle: A Rising One Health Concern.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first highly pathogenic H5N1 emerged in 1959 on a chicken farm in Scotland. The ancestor of the strains presently circulating was isolated in 1996 from a domestic goose in China. Since 1997, more than 900 severe human infections have been reported. However, in nearly thirty years, H5N1 has failed to adapt to human-to-human transmission. At present the abundant circulation in various animal species, including mammals, increases the possibility of reassortments of new pandemic strains. Particularly alarming was the recent report of H5N1 infection among U.S. dairy cattle. A strong international effort from a global health perspective addressed to limit the avian strains circulation and to improve the preparedness for a new pandemic is urgently needed.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.