ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025
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Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
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Abstract
Background: This study investigates how Methods: We used chest x-rays and sputum smear grades to assess lung conditions and bacterial loads in 483 PTB patients. Ss infection was confirmed by seropositivity, and cytokine and profibrotic factor levels were analyzed using multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment outcomes were categorized as favorable (cure without recurrence) or unfavorable (treatment failure or TB recurrence) during treatment or within 12 months postcure. Results: PTB patients coinfected with Ss had significantly higher bacterial loads, increased risk of bilateral lung lesions, and greater likelihood of cavitary disease compared with those without Ss infection. The coinfected individuals exhibit significantly increased levels of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5, IL-13, interferon [IFN]-α, and IFN-β) and profibrotic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor [EGF], fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF-2], and PDGF-AB/BB [platelet-derived growth factor]) and significantly diminished levels of cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2). Conclusions: This study underscores the exacerbating impact of Ss coinfection on PTB severity and treatment outcomes, emphasizing the need for integrated management strategies for affected patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.