ArticleCurrent neuropharmacology2025
Sex-specific Associations between Immune Parameters and Clinical Symptoms in First-episode Patients with Schizophrenia.
Article in Current neuropharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transcription-protein dissociation reveals disrupted cellular stress pathways in the prefrontal cortex of depression and schizophrenia subjects.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
- miR-379-5p serves as a biomarker and regulates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury via targeting EDN1.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Putative Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Candidate Biomarkers of rTMS Efficacy in Improving Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Evidence Boundaries and Translational Pathways.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
introductionInflammation is linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The neutrophil- to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a measure of systemic inflammation, has been reported to be associated with schizophrenia. However, few studies have examined the sex-specific association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia. This study aimed to explore sex differences in NLR and its correlation with symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients.
methodsNinety-seven FES patients and 65 control subjects were recruited. The severity of clinical symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and white blood cells were calculated. We performed a cross-sectional analysis comparing NLR in males and females in the patient and control groups. We explored its sex-specific associations with clinical symptoms in the patient group.
resultsWe found that neutrophil (NEU) counts and NLR were higher in male patients compared to female patients with schizophrenia. There were no significant differences in white blood cell counts and NLR in healthy controls. Linear regression analysis showed that NEU counts were associated with clinical symptoms in male patients, and NLR correlated with symptoms in female patients after controlling for age, onset age, and years of education.
conclusionOur study suggests that NLR values and NEU counts were higher in male patients compared with female patients with schizophrenia and that the association between NLR or NEU and clinical symptoms was sex-specific.
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