Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40069342›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

A comprehensive interpretable machine learning framework for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.

Maria Eleftheria Vlontzou, Maria Athanasiou, Kalliopi V Dalakleidi, Ioanna Skampardoni, Christos Davatzikos, Konstantina Nikita

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Comparative assessment of fairness definitions and bias mitigation strategies in machine learning-based diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from MR images.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Maria Eleftheria VlontzouFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15773, Greece. mvlontzou@biosim.ntua.gr.
Maria AthanasiouFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15773, Greece.
Kalliopi V DalakleidiFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15773, Greece.
Ioanna SkampardoniFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15773, Greece.
Christos DavatzikosCenter for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Konstantina NikitaFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15773, Greece.

Funding

Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative - SupplementU01AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WEINER, MICHAEL W · 2004 to 2015
$121.0M
NIA NIH HHS U01 AG024904
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An interpretable machine learning (ML) framework is introduced to enhance the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by ensuring robustness of the ML models' interpretations. The dataset used comprises volumetric measurements from brain MRI and genetic data from healthy individuals and patients with MCI/AD, obtained through the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. The existing class imbalance is addressed by an ensemble learning approach, while various attribution-based and counterfactual-based interpretability methods are leveraged towards producing diverse explanations related to the pathophysiology of MCI/AD. A unification method combining SHAP with counterfactual explanations assesses the interpretability techniques' robustness. The best performing model yielded 87.5% balanced accuracy and 90.8% F1-score. The attribution-based interpretability methods highlighted significant volumetric and genetic features related to MCI/AD risk. The unification method provided useful insights regarding those features' necessity and sufficiency, further showcasing their significance in MCI/AD diagnosis.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionMachine LearningAgedAged, 80 and overBrainFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNeuroimaging

Identifiers

PMID40069342
PMCPMC11897299

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.