Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40069231›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Analysis of midsole gait in running shoes with various 3d printed biomimetic structure.

Jing Li, Imjoo Jung, Sunhee Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jing LiDepartment Fashion and Textiles, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
Imjoo JungDepartment Fashion Design, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
Sunhee LeeDepartment Fashion and Textiles, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea. shlee014@dau.ac.kr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of different 3D printed biomimetic midsole structures on gait phase and gait ratio to optimize running shoe design. Participants wore shoes with various 3D printed midsoles while gait ratio(heel rotation, foot balance, forefoot balance, hallux stiffness, medial forefoot balance, and meta loading) and gait phase(forefoot off phase, foot flat phase, forefoot contact phase, and initial contact phase) data were collected using a gait analysis system. These metrics reflect foot pressure distribution, gait symmetry, and balance, providing insights into how midsole structures affect gait. The results showed that different 3D printed biomimetic midsoles significantly impacted gait phase and gait ratio. The 1TS structure, improved the stability of the stance phase and reduced swing phase imbalance, demonstrating its potential for optimizing gait balance and efficiency. This indicates that 3D printed biomimetic midsoles can notably influence running gait, with the 1TS structure enhancing stability and balance, offering a new direction for optimizing running shoe design to improve performance and comfort.

Indexed as

Biomimetic MaterialsBiomimeticsGaitPrinting, Three-DimensionalRunningShoesAdultBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleFootGait AnalysisHumansMalePostural BalanceYoung AdultBiomimetic structureFused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printingGait PhaseGait RatioMidsole in running Shoes

Identifiers

PMID40069231
PMCPMC11897384

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.