SynthesisBMJ open2025
Effects of water aerobics on body composition in obesity and overweight people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Effects of Aquatic Exercise on Sleep Quality in Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesObesity and overweight significantly impact public health. The benefits of water aerobics (WAs) have been shown in obesity and overweight people, but the effects of WAs on body composition improvement are still unclear.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: A systematic literature search was conducted on 16 November 2024, across the PubMed MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included, which were independently screened by two researchers. All RCTs on WAs that evaluated the anthropometric and body composition parameters of overweight and obesity subjects were included. Eligible studies were reported following the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: All process were independently screened by two researchers (ZD, HZ). A fixed-effects or random-effects model was chosen based on the heterogeneity of the studies. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias V.2.0 tool, and sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted for outcome indicators. The quality of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system.
resultsA total of 10 studies involving 286 participants were included. Sensitivity analyses were performed for percent body fat (PBF) with high heterogeneity, and the results were robust. WAs were able to reduce body weight (BW) (weighted mean differences (WMD)=-2.69, 95% CI -4.10 to -1.27, p<0.05, I
conclusionFor the obesity and overweight people, WAs interventions over 10 weeks (ie, 12 weeks) reduced BW and WC, with more significant effects in women and greater improvements in body composition in middle-aged and older adults (average age ≥45 years). The moderate certainty of evidence for BW and WC, as assessed using the GRADE framework, indicates that these findings are robust. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023466969.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.