Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40067956›Full record

ReviewAnnual review of clinical psychology2025

Reward Processing in Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia: A Neurodevelopmental Framework.

Robin Nusslock, Vijay A Mittal, Lauren B Alloy

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annual review of clinical psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. The Cognitive-Affective Social Processing and Emotion Regulation (CASPER) model.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Robin NusslockDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA; email: nusslock@northwestern.edu.
Vijay A MittalDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA; email: nusslock@northwestern.edu.
Lauren B AlloyDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Funding

Integrated Reward-Inflammation Model Of First Onset Of Major Depression In Adolescence SupplementR01MH123473 · NIMH · TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH · PI ALLOY, LAUREN BERSH, NUSSLOCK, ROBIN · 2021 to 2025
$3.8M
Integrated Reward-Circadian Rhythm Model of First Onset of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Adolescence SupplementR01MH126911 · NIMH · TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH · PI ALLOY, LAUREN BERSH, NUSSLOCK, ROBIN · 2021 to 2025
$3.8M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123473NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH126911
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia involve disruptions in processing rewarding stimuli. In this review, we propose that distinct mechanistic pathways underlie these disruptions in mood disorders versus schizophrenia, and we highlight the importance of understanding these differences for developing personalized treatments. We summarize evidence suggesting that reward processing abnormalities in mood disorders are driven by dysregulated motivational systems; MDD is characterized by blunted responses to reward cues, and bipolar disorder is characterized by heightened responses. In contrast, we argue that reward processing disruptions in schizophrenia do not reflect abnormalities in motivation or hedonic experience; rather, they reflect impairments in the cognitive representation of past and future rewards as well as misdirected attention to irrelevant stimuli. To integrate these findings, we present a neurodevelopmental framework for the onset of mood and psychotic disorders and explore how disruptions in normative brain development contribute to their pathophysiology, timing, and onset. Additionally, we move beyond viewing these conditions as homogeneous disorders and discuss how reward processing profiles may align with specific symptom dimensions.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderMajor Depressive DisorderRewardSchizophreniaHumansMotivationbipolar disordermajor depressive disorderMDDneurodevelopmentreward processingschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID40067956
PMCPMC12205442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.