Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40067525›Full record

ArticleVeterinary research communications2025

A retrospective study of injectable versus inhalation anesthesia for umbilical surgery in Japanese black calves.

Shogo Sato, Chihiro Kanno, Riku Ueda, Yosuke Maeda, Fumiaki Takahashi

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary research communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shogo SatoLarge Animal Medical Center, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, 35-1 Higashi-23bancho, Towada, 034-8628, Aomori, Japan.
Chihiro KannoLaboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine for Large Animals, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, 35-1 Higashi-23bancho, Towada, 034-8628, Aomori, Japan.
Riku UedaLaboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine for Large Animals, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, 35-1 Higashi-23bancho, Towada, 034-8628, Aomori, Japan.
Yosuke MaedaLaboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine for Large Animals, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, 35-1 Higashi-23bancho, Towada, 034-8628, Aomori, Japan.
Fumiaki TakahashiLaboratory of Clinical Veterinary Medicine for Large Animals, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, 35-1 Higashi-23bancho, Towada, 034-8628, Aomori, Japan. ftakahas@vmas.kitasato-u.ac.jp.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Umbilical diseases are associated with a decreased market value and increased mortality in calves, and laparotomy is often performed in the field. This retrospective study compared the effects of inhalation anesthesia (INH) and injection anesthesia (INJ) during the perioperative period. We analyzed the medical records of 57 Japanese black calves that underwent laparotomy for umbilical diseases (umbilical hernia and/or umbilical cord disease) between January 2017 and December 2023. The INH group (n = 38) received continuous isoflurane inhalation with pure oxygen as a carrier gas, while the INJ group (n = 19) received only injectable anesthesia (xylazine hydrochloride and pentobarbital sodium). We investigated sex, age at first examination, diagnosis, anesthetic method, anesthetic drugs and dosages, number of rescue doses, hospital stay duration, operation time, and prognosis. The number of rescue doses was defined as the number of times sedatives or analgesics (xylazine hydrochloride, pentobarbital sodium, and butorphanol tartrate) were injected during laparotomy. There were no differences in age at first examination (p = 0.8656) and hospital stay duration (p = 0.4646) between the groups. The INJ group required significantly more rescue doses (p < 0.0001) and had longer operation times (p = 0.0643) compared to the INH group. Postoperative prognosis was not significantly different between groups (p = 0.7026). Overall, INJ required multiple rescue doses, but the difference in the method of general anesthesia did not affect the hospital stay duration or prognosis.

Indexed as

AnesthesiaAnesthesia, InhalationAnesthetics, InhalationCattle DiseasesHernia, UmbilicalAnimalsCattleFemaleInjectionsIsofluraneLaparotomyMaleRetrospective StudiesXylazineAnesthetics, InhalationIsofluraneXylazineInhalation anesthesiaInjection anesthesiaJapanese black calvesLaparotomyRetrospective studyUmbilical diseases

Identifiers

PMID40067525

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.