ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2025
Exposures from Oil and Gas Development and Childhood Leukemia Risk in Colorado: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microplastics at the Intersection of Toxicology, Child Health, and Human Rights.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2026Article
- High Childhood Leukemia Mortality Rates in Mexico Associated to Water Contamination in Areas of Oil and Gas Extraction.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Maternal residential proximity to oil and gas development in California and the risk of childhood cancer.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2026Article
- Residential proximity to active and abandoned oil and gas development and risk of childhood Ewing sarcoma in California.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Association Between Petroleum Compounds Exposure and Risk of Childhood Leukemia: A Systematic Review.Blood and lymphatic cancer : targets and therapy · 2026Review
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Abstract
backgroundChildren living in upstream oil and natural gas (O&G) areas may be exposed to leukemogens and at increased risk for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
methodsWe conducted a case-control study of children born in Colorado between 1992 and 2019. We matched 451 children diagnosed with ALL at ages 2 to 9 years starting in 2002 to 2,706 controls based on birth month/year and Hispanic ethnicity. We estimated upstream O&G activity intensities from conception through a 10-year latency using our intensity-adjusted inverse distance weighted (IA-IDW) model. We applied logistic regression models adjusted for confounders to evaluate associations between ALL and IA-IDW.
resultsFor children within 5 km of an O&G well site, we observed a 62% [OR = 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.964-2.62], 84% (OR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.35-2.48), and 100% (OR = 2.00; 95% CI, 1.14-3.37) increase in ALL risk for low, medium, and high IA-IDW groups, compared with the referent group. Within 13 km, we observed a 59% (OR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.03-2.37), 40% (OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.09-1.80), and 164% (OR = 2.64; 95% CI, 1.80-3.86) increase in ALL risk for low, medium, and high IA-IDW groups.
conclusionsColorado's children living within 13 km of O&G well sites are at increased risk for ALL, with children within 5 km bearing the greatest risk. Current setbacks between O&G well sites and residences may not be sufficient to protect the health of these children. IMPACT: Our results can be applied to policies to reduce childhood leukemogen exposures.
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