Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40066128›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2025

Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Southern Afghanistan: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study.

Muhammad Haroon Stanikzai, Mohammad Essa Amirzada, Niamatullah Ishaq, Kamil Ahmad Kamil, Zabihullah Anwary, Asadullah Farzad, Ahmad Haroon Baray, Hadia Sayam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Muhammad Haroon StanikzaiDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.ORCID 0000-0003-2757-1965
Mohammad Essa AmirzadaDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.
Niamatullah IshaqDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.
Kamil Ahmad KamilInternal Medicine Department, Mirwais Regional Hospital, Kandahar, Afghanistan.
Zabihullah AnwaryClinic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Bost University, Lashkar Gah, Helmand, Afghanistan.
Asadullah FarzadPara-clinic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Bost University, Lashkar Gah, Helmand, Afghanistan.ORCID 0009-0008-8337-1128
Ahmad Haroon BarayDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.
Hadia SayamDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes results in higher rates of cardiovascular complications and deaths. However, there is limited data on the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Afghanistan. Objective: Our study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in southern Afghanistan. Methods: This was a multi-center hospital-based cross-sectional study employed from January to June 2024 in southern Afghanistan. A total of 609 randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis. Diabetes patients were examined for the presence/absence of hypertension diagnosis using a criterion set by the American Heart Association. The binary logistic regression analysis was performed to test for risk factors associated with hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes. Results: Among the 609 patients with diabetes included in the study, 55.3% (95% CI: 51.2%-59.3%) had hypertension. According to the results of binary logistic regression, female gender [AOR, adjusted odds ratio =1.73, 95% CI (1.09-2.74)], age of Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence (55.3%) of hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes in Afghanistan, it is imperative to develop targeted interventions aimed at early detection and ensuring adequate care, especially for those most at risk for hypertension.

Indexed as

Afghanistandiabetes patientshypertensionrisk factorstype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40066128
PMCPMC11892732

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.