ArticleCureus2025
Modeling Liver Fibrosis Progression in Patients With Viral Hepatitis Using the Machine Learning Tool Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn).
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and aim The natural progression of liver fibrosis and its association with biomarker changes have not been fully established in the literature. This study aimed to investigate liver fibrosis progression in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using a novel machine learning tool called 'Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn).' SuStaIn can identify disease progression patterns and subgroups from cross-sectional biomarker data. Methods This single-center retrospective study included 168 consecutive patients (mean age, 67.0 years ± 13.2; 91 male), comprising 29 with HBV, 50 with HCV, and 89 controls. All patients underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging between January 2019 and December 2019. Imaging biomarkers measured were quantitative liver-spleen contrast ratio (Q-LSC), contrast index of liver-muscle signal intensity (CEI), and right liver lobe to the total liver volume ratio (RV/TV), while the serum biomarkers were fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI). SuStaIn was applied using z-scored biomarkers derived from each biomarker relative to the control group. Results The most likely ordering of the biomarker conversion in liver fibrosis progression was determined to be APRI, FIB-4, CEI, Q-LSC, and RV/TV. This sequence was observed to be consistent in all patients infected with either HBV or HCV, regardless of the virus type. Conclusions Using SuStaIn, new insights into liver fibrosis progression in patients infected with either HBV or HCV were achieved: abnormalities in serum biomarkers occurred first, followed by a decrease in hepatic uptake of gadoxetic acid, ultimately resulting in right lobe atrophy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.