ArticleArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2025
Minority health social vulnerability index and long COVID illness among a statewide, population-based study of adults with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2.
Article in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Engaging Black and Latinx Communities in Building Capacity for Behavioral Health.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A retrospective cohort study of viral and sociodemographic determinants of long COVID among Idaho veterans.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected socially vulnerable communities. Some individuals experience persistent symptoms and conditions of COVID-19 illness known as long COVID. As little research has examined how social vulnerability is related to long COVID, we studied this topic using Minority Health Social Vulnerability Index (MHSVI), specifically created for the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
methodsWe merged county-level MHSVI data with population-based data of Michigan adults with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and May 2022 based on respondents' county of residence. We examined the relationship between county-level MHSVI (binary: high social vulnerability ≥ 75th percentile) and two long COVID measurements, assessed a median of 18.8 months after their initial infection: (1) ongoing long COVID (yes/no) and (2) long COVID diagnosis (yes/no). We conducted modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors to estimate prevalence ratio (PR) between associations of MHSVI and long COVID overall and by six MHSVI themes (socioeconomic status, household composition/disability, minority/language, housing type/transportation, healthcare access, medical vulnerability), adjusting for individual-level and county-level covariates.
resultsLiving in high MHSVI counties was not associated with ongoing long COVID or long COVID diagnosis. However, the associations differed by theme of MHSVI: respondents in highly socially vulnerable counties assessed by medical vulnerability had 1.32 times higher prevalence of long COVID diagnosis (95% CI:1.12 - 1.57). There were no statistically significant associations in other themes after the adjustment for covariates.
conclusionsOur findings suggest the importance of upstream social determinants of health during public health emergencies and provide evidence that medically vulnerable communities need additional public health resources to cope with long COVID among their residents.
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