Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40065072›Full record

ArticleNature aging2025

Subcellular proteomics and iPSC modeling uncover reversible mechanisms of axonal pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Yifei Cai, Jean Kanyo, Rashaun Wilson, Shveta Bathla, Pablo Leal Cardozo, Lei Tong, Shanshan Qin, Lukas A Fuentes, Iguaracy Pinheiro-de-Sousa, Tram Huynh and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Yifei CaiDepartment of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. yifei.cai@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0108-8166
Jean Kanyo *Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Rashaun Wilson *Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Shveta Bathla *Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Pablo Leal Cardozo *Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-9393
Lei Tong *Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Shanshan Qin *John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Lukas A Fuentes *Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Iguaracy Pinheiro-de-Sousa *European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3956-3279
Tram Huynh *Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Liyuan Sun *Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Mohammad Shahid MansuriYale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Zichen TianDepartment of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Hao-Ran GanDepartment of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Amber BrakerYale College, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Hoang Kim TrinhDepartment of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Anita HuttnerDepartment of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
TuKiet T LamKeck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4850-3462
Evangelia PetsalakiEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-2995
Kristen J BrennandDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-5956
Angus C NairnYale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7075-0195
Jaime GrutzendlerDepartment of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. jaime.grutzendler@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5000-243X

Funding

Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Research CenterP30DA018343 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Marina R Picciotto · 2004 to 2026
$37.1M
Research Education ComponentP30AG019610 · NIA · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GONZALEZ HERNANDEZ, GRACIELA · 2001 to 2020
$32.5M
Yale Alzheimer Disease Research CenterP30AG066508 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHEN M STRITTMATTER · 2020 to 2026
$30.2M
Research Education ComponentP30AG072980 · NIA · BANNER HEALTH · PI HEATHER Allyson BIMONTE-NELSON · 2021 to 2026
$24.9M
National Brain and Tissue Resource for Parkinson's Disease and Related DisordersU24NS072026 · NINDS · BANNER SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI BEACH, THOMAS G · 2011 to 2015
$7.8M
Mechanisms of SynCAM-Induced Synapse FormationR01DA018928 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BIEDERER, THOMAS · 2005 to 2021
$4.6M
Novel Network Biology Approaches to Reposition FDA-approved Drugs for Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG068030 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI BRENNAND, KRISTEN JENNIFER, CAI, DONGMING · 2020 to 2024
$4.2M
Molecular probes to image and target the neurovascular unit in health and diseaseR01NS115544 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GRUTZENDLER, JAIME · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
Biological basis of post-delirium cognitive declineRF1AG058257 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GRUTZENDLER, JAIME · 2017 to 2017
$2.9M
Modeling the impact of regulatory and splicing variants on cellular function in Alzheimer's diseaseRF1AG065926 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI BRENNAND, KRISTEN JENNIFER, RAJ, TOWFIQUE · 2021 to 2021
$2.4M
Therapeutic targeting of angiophagy to achieve microvascular recanalizationR01NS111961 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GRUTZENDLER, JAIME · 2019 to 2023
$2.3M
Critical assessment of DNA adenine methylation in brain cells from healthy aging and Alzheimer's diseaseR56AG071291 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI BRENNAND, KRISTEN JENNIFER, FANG, GANG · 2021 to 2021
$746k
Alzheimer's Association Alzheimer's Association Research Fellowship (23AARF-1020552)BrightFocus Foundation (BrightFocus) BrightFocus Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship ProgramEuropean Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) EMBL-EBI Core fundingNIA NIH HHS P30 AG019610NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066508NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072980NIA NIH HHS R01 AG068030NIA NIH HHS R56 AG071291NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG058257NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG065926NIDA NIH HHS P30 DA018343NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA018928NIH HHS S10 OD018034NIH HHS S10 OD019967NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS111961NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS115544NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS072026U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R01NS111961U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R01NS115544
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dystrophic neurites (also termed axonal spheroids) are found around amyloid deposits in Alzheimer's disease (AD), where they impair axonal electrical conduction, disrupt neural circuits and correlate with AD severity. Despite their importance, the mechanisms underlying spheroid formation remain incompletely understood. To address this, we developed a proximity labeling approach to uncover the proteome of spheroids in human postmortem and mouse brains. Additionally, we established a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived AD model enabling mechanistic investigation and optical electrophysiology. These complementary approaches revealed the subcellular molecular architecture of spheroids and identified abnormalities in key biological processes, including protein turnover, cytoskeleton dynamics and lipid transport. Notably, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which regulates these processes, was activated in spheroids. Furthermore, phosphorylated mTOR levels in spheroids correlated with AD severity in humans. Notably, mTOR inhibition in iPSC-derived neurons and mice ameliorated spheroid pathology. Altogether, our study provides a multidisciplinary toolkit for investigating mechanisms and therapeutic targets for axonal pathology in neurodegeneration.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAxonsInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsProteomicsAnimalsBrainDisease Models, AnimalHumansMaleMiceSignal TransductionSpheroids, CellularTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesTOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID40065072
PMCPMC11922768

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.