Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40064886›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Accelerating discovery of bioactive ligands with pharmacophore-informed generative models.

Weixin Xie, Jianhang Zhang, Qin Xie, Chaojun Gong, Yuhao Ren, Jin Xie, Qi Sun, Youjun Xu, Luhua Lai, Jianfeng Pei

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Generative Deep Learning for de Novo Drug Design─A Chemical Space Odyssey.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2025
    Review
  10. Comparative effect of gibberellic acid and brassinolide for mitigating drought stress in pea (Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Weixin Xie *Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Jianhang Zhang *Infinite Intelligence Pharma, Beijing, China.
Qin XieInfinite Intelligence Pharma, Beijing, China.
Chaojun GongInfinite Intelligence Pharma, Beijing, China.
Yuhao RenBNLMS, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at the College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Jin XieCenter for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Qi SunBNLMS, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at the College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-657X
Youjun XuInfinite Intelligence Pharma, Beijing, China. xuyj@iipharma.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8022-6194
Luhua LaiCenter for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China. lhlai@pku.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-7587
Jianfeng PeiCenter for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China. jfpei@pku.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8482-1185

Funding

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) 2021-I2M-5-014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep generative models have advanced drug discovery but often generate compounds with limited structural novelty, providing constrained inspiration for medicinal chemists. To address this, we develop TransPharmer, a generative model that integrates ligand-based interpretable pharmacophore fingerprints with a generative pre-training transformer (GPT)-based framework for de novo molecule generation. TransPharmer excels in unconditioned distribution learning, de novo generation, and scaffold elaboration under pharmacophoric constraints. Its unique exploration mode could enhance scaffold hopping, producing structurally distinct but pharmaceutically related compounds. Its efficacy is validated through two case studies involving the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Notably, three out of four synthesized PLK1-targeting compounds show submicromolar activities, with the most potent, IIP0943, exhibiting a potency of 5.1 nM. Featuring a new 4-(benzo[b]thiophen-7-yloxy)pyrimidine scaffold, IIP0943 also has high PLK1 selectivity and submicromolar inhibitory activity in HCT116 cell proliferation. TransPharmer offers a promising tool for discovering structurally novel and bioactive ligands.

Indexed as

Drug DiscoveryCell Cycle ProteinsHumansLigandsPharmacophorePolo-Like Kinase 1Protein Kinase InhibitorsProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProto-Oncogene ProteinsPyrimidinesReceptors, Dopamine D2Cell Cycle ProteinsLigandsPolo-Like Kinase 1Protein Kinase InhibitorsProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProto-Oncogene ProteinsPyrimidinesReceptors, Dopamine D2

Identifiers

PMID40064886
PMCPMC11894060

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.