Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40064764›Full record

ArticleJournal of behavioral medicine2025

Racialized economic segregation and youth firearm carriage: community violence as a mediator.

Daniel B Lee, Zainab Hans, Samantha L Aprill, Philip Stallworth, Marc A Zimmerman, Maureen A Walton, Patrick M Carter

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of behavioral medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Racism and racial disparities in firearm violence: A scoping review.American journal of community psychology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Daniel B LeeUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA. leedanb@umich.edu.
Zainab HansUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA.
Samantha L AprillUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA.
Philip StallworthUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA.
Marc A ZimmermanUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA.
Maureen A WaltonUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA.
Patrick M CarterUniversity of Michigan Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, Ann Arbor, USA.

Funding

Structural racism and youth firearm violence: Socioecological mechanisms and resilienceR03HD112613 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LEE, DANIEL B · 2023 to 2023
$156k
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 1R03HD112613-01NICHD NIH HHS R03 HD112613NIMHD NIH HHS L60 MD018838
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Firearm carriage poses a significant public health challenge, especially for youth (ages 14-24) living in predominantly Black communities that endured racial and economic segregation. Structural racism is a determinant of fatal and nonfatal firearm assaults, but the influence of structural racism on youth firearm carriage has received limited attention. Our study examines whether community violence exposure mediates the association between racialized economic segregation and youth firearm carriage. We analyzed data among 599 youths who sought emergency care and reported drug use within the past six months. Our mediation analysis revealed that increased racialized economic segregation was associated with higher perceived community violence. In turn, a heightened perception of community violence was associated with youth firearm carriage. Our findings advocate for upstream interventions that address the systemic marginalization of Black communities from economic isolation to mitigate community violence and, ultimately, reduce risk for youth firearm carriage.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanFirearmsRacismSocial SegregationViolenceAdolescentFemaleHumansMaleResidence CharacteristicsYoung AdultCommunity violenceFirearm carriageFirearm violenceRacial health disparitiesStructural racism

Identifiers

PMID40064764
PMCPMC12927849

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.