ArticleHepatology international2025
Patterns and outcomes of early and late recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a multicenter study in China.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognostic Implications of Recurrence Patterns and Time to Recurrence in Post-Hepatectomy Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence: An Exploratory Analysis.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- MRPL3 enhances mitochondrial function via the TOMM40/PGC-1α/TFAM axis to drive early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Effect of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization on survival in hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a landmark analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- RNF216 as a Promising Biomarker for Prognosis, Immunotherapy, and Chemotherapy in LIHC: A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis and Experimental Validation.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
- Development and External Validation of a Multimodal Machine Learning Model Integrating Preoperative Contrast-Enhanced CT Radiomics and Clinicopathological Features for Predicting Early Extrahepatic Recurrence After Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- Comments on recurrence patterns in HCC with microvascular invasion.Hepatology international · 2025Article
- Correlation of radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Hepatic arterial interventional therapies alone or in combination with molecular targeted therapies and PD-(L)1 inhibitors in locally aggressive, early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization May Be Selectively Indicated as Postoperative Adjuvant Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Microvascular Invasion.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- TBA-MLR score: a metabolic-immune prognostic biomarker for postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundA few studies focus on the long-term outcomes and surveillance strategies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and microvascular invasion (MVI) who experience postoperative recurrence. The aim of this study was to explore the patterns and prognosis of early and late recurrence (ER and LR) after hepatectomy of such patients.
methodsConsecutive patients with HCC and MVI after hepatectomy from 26 centers in China from 2009 to 2020 were included. Overall survival (OS) and post-recurrence survival (PRS) were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.
resultsOf 2828 included patients, 1200 patients developed ER and 607 patients developed LR. Among patients with recurrence, 1166 patients had intra-hepatic recurrence as the primary site of first recurrence. The median OS times for the ER, LR, and non-recurrence groups were 20.2, 52.6, and 58.9 months, respectively. Besides, patients with ER had shorter PRS (14.3 vs. 18.9 months, p < 0.001) than LR. Compared to extra-hepatic and both intra- and extra-hepatic recurrence, intra-hepatic recurrence had better OS and PRS (p < 0.001). Recurrence patients who underwent regular postoperative surveillance had longer OS (37.1 vs. 23.4 months, p < 0.001) and PRS (21.2 vs. 11.9 months, p < 0.001) compared to those with irregular surveillance.
conclusionsPatients with HCC and MVI are more likely to develop ER within 1 year, and ER has a worse prognosis compared to LR. Intra-hepatic is the predominant recurrence site in ER and LR. Postoperative surveillance can improve survival outcomes in patients with recurrence.
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