ArticleStroke2025
Associations Between Stroke Type, Ischemic Stroke Subtypes, and Poststroke Cognitive Trajectories.
Article in Stroke, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ischemic Stroke Incidence and Severity and Poststroke Cognitive Decline and Incident Dementia.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Determinants of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
- Age, race, and education as moderators of post-stroke cognitive decline following dental care.Frontiers in stroke · 2026Article
- Progression of cognitive and functional decline before and after stroke: evidence from four prospective cohort studies across 23 countries.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Postdischarge participation and functional outcomes across three common stroke subtypes based on the exploratory retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Serum uric acid to creatinine ratio in patients with early-onset post-stroke cognitive impairment: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
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22 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIt is unclear how poststroke cognitive trajectories differ by stroke type and ischemic stroke subtype. We studied associations between stroke types (ischemic and hemorrhagic), ischemic stroke subtypes (cardioembolic, large artery atherosclerotic, lacunar/small vessel, and cryptogenic/other determined causes), and poststroke cognitive decline.
methodsWe pooled participants from 4 US cohort studies (1971-2019). Outcomes were change in global cognition (primary) and changes in executive function and memory (secondary). Outcomes were standardized as T scores (mean [SD], 50 [10]); a 1-point difference represents a 0.1 SD difference in cognition. The median follow-up for the primary outcome was 6.0 (interquartile range, 3.2-9.2) years. Linear mixed-effects models estimated changes in cognition after stroke.
resultsWe identified 1143 dementia-free individuals with acute stroke during follow-up: 1061 (92.8%) ischemic, 82 (7.2%) hemorrhagic, 49.9% female, and 30.8% Black. The median age at stroke was 74.1 (interquartile range, 68.6-79.3) years. On average, ischemic stroke survivors showed declines in global cognition (-0.35 [95% CI, -0.43 to -0.27] points/y;
conclusionsStroke survivors had cognitive decline in multiple domains. Declines did not differ by stroke type or ischemic stroke subtype.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.