ArticleJTCVS open2025
Use of bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension in children aged 2 to 6 years undergoing cardiac surgery does not accelerate recovery.
Article in JTCVS open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Efficacy and Safety of Liposomal Bupivacaine in Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Observational
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension is proven safe and effective for selective postsurgical analgesia in children older than 6 years. We evaluated if intraoperative bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension administration decreases postoperative opioid use, peak pain scores, and length of stay in children aged 2 to 6 years undergoing cardiac surgery via median sternotomy. Methods: Serial patients aged 2 to 6 years undergoing cardiac surgery received 4 mg/kg bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension mixed with 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride and 0.9% sodium chloride via local infiltration at the conclusion of their procedure. They were matched with controls who underwent operation within the past 5 years by procedure, age, gender, and weight. Postoperative opioid use was converted into morphine milligram equivalents, and pain severity was measured using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale. Paired Results: A total of 100 patients receiving bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension and matching historical control patients aged 2 to 6 years were analyzed. There were no significant differences in preoperative variables. Patients receiving bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension received an average of 3.6 (95% CI, 1.2-6.0) fewer morphine milligram equivalents ( Conclusions: Intraoperative bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension use in children aged 2 to 6 years undergoing cardiac surgery showed statistically but not clinically significant decreases in postoperative opioid use. Bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension use had no impact on intensive care unit or hospital length of stay but was substantially more expensive.
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