Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40061388›Full record

ArticleJournal of general and family medicine2025

Undergraduate general medicine education in Japan: A nationwide cross-sectional survey of medical trainees' perspectives.

Hirohisa Fujikawa, Hidetaka Tamune, Yuji Nishizaki, Kiyoshi Shikino, Taro Shimizu, Yu Yamamoto, Yasuharu Tokuda

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general and family medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hirohisa FujikawaCenter for General Medicine Education School of Medicine, Keio University Tokyo Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8195-1267
Hidetaka TamuneDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.
Yuji NishizakiDivision of Medical Education Juntendo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-6702
Kiyoshi ShikinoDepartment of Community-Oriented Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-3443
Taro ShimizuDepartment of Diagnostic and Generalist Medicine Dokkyo Medical University Hospital Tochigi Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3788-487X
Yu YamamotoDivision of General Medicine, Center for Community Medicine Jichi Medical University Tochigi Japan.
Yasuharu TokudaMuribushi Okinawa for Teaching Hospitals Okinawa Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9325-7934

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The 2022 revised version of the Model Core Curriculum (MCC) for Medical Education in Japan includes "generalism" as a new expertise quality and ability, based on the results of surveys of experts in health professions education. However, the perspectives of medical trainees under the pre-2022 MCC revision were under-examined. Here, we investigated what these trainees felt they had learned about general medicine (GM)-related topics. Methods: We performed a nationwide cross-sectional study using an anonymous online questionnaire, which was developed with reference to the 2022 revised MCC. The questionnaire consisted of 14 items. For all items, we asked, "Did you learn enough during medical school?" Respondents were asked to respond on a 5-point Likert scale (from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). Results: Three hundred and eighty-six participants (response rate 55.4%) were included in the analysis. For the item "Behavioral science," the number of participants who chose "3 = neither agree nor disagree" was highest, at 171 (44.3%) and with an average of 3.28, indicating that this item was perceived as insufficiently studied. Approximately half of the participants chose "4 = agree" for all items other than "Behavioral science." Conclusions: The study suggested that behavioral science may be underlearned among medical trainees of the pre-2022 MCC generation. Medical educators in Japan should formulate curricula in accordance with the 2022 revision MCC and improve curricula regarding behavioral science. Future research should survey the generation of trainees who receive 2022 revision MCC-compliant medical education; comparison of results with those of this study would be valuable in examining the effects of the revised guideline and inform international medical educators.

Indexed as

generalismgeneral medicinemodel core curriculumundergraduate medical education

Identifiers

PMID40061388
PMCPMC11890055

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.