ArticleACS omega2025
Chitosan Schiff-Base Hydrogel Sunscreen: A Multifunctional Hybrid Network with Antioxidant, Ultraviolet-Shielding, and Self-Healing Properties.
Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quaternized Chitosan Crosslinked Networks for pH-Responsive Macromolecule Delivery: A Review.Polymers · 2026Review
- Reactive oxygen species in skin diseases: pathogenic mechanisms and nanomaterial-based therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause erythema, sunburn, inflammation, and even skin cancer. Sunscreen is highly effective in protecting against UV radiation. Hydrogels, due to their similarity to the skin's extracellular matrix, flexibility, and high water content, have been widely used for sunscreen applications. However, traditional sunscreens may have limitations, including skin irritation, environmental impact, and formulation issues. This study introduces two innovative chitosan-based hydrogel sunscreens integrating 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHBA) and vanillin (VA) as UV absorbers and cross-linkers. The synthesized CS/DHBA and CS/DHBA/VA hydrogels, leveraging a hybrid network of Schiff-base and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, demonstrated exceptional UV-shielding capabilities with broad absorption of UVB and UVA regions (290-400 nm). Furthermore, the hydrogels exhibited a porous three-dimensional interconnected microstructure with self-healing and potent antioxidant properties. In vitro sun protection factor values and in vivo experiments confirmed the efficacy of the hydrogel sunscreens for robust UV protection. Importantly, in vivo skin toxicity assessments established the safety of the hydrogels for skin application. The multifunctional nature of the chitosan-based hydrogel sunscreens, coupled with UV-shielding properties, underscores their potential as a valuable biomaterial for skin protection. These findings show great promise for improving sunscreen technology and offer a pathway for developing next-generation UV-protective skincare products.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.