Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40060762›Full record

ArticleBioengineering & translational medicine2025

Photobiomodulation improves functional recovery after mild traumatic brain injury.

Andrew R Stevens, Mohammed Hadis, Abhinav Thareja, Freya G Anderson, Michael R Milward, Valentina Di Pietro, Antonio Belli, William Palin, David J Davies, Zubair Ahmed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering & translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Andrew R StevensNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3222-133X
Mohammed HadisPhototherapy Research Group School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham Birmingham UK.
Abhinav TharejaNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.
Freya G AndersonNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.
Michael R MilwardPhototherapy Research Group School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham Birmingham UK.
Valentina Di PietroNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.
Antonio BelliNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.
William PalinPhototherapy Research Group School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham Birmingham UK.
David J DaviesNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.
Zubair AhmedNeuroscience and Ophthalmology, Department of Inflammation and Ageing School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6267-6442

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common consequence of head injury but there are no recognized interventions to promote recovery of the brain. We previously showed that photobiomodulation (PBM) significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells in adult rat hippocampal organotypic slice cultures. In this study, we first optimized PBM delivery parameters for use in mTBI, conducting cadaveric studies to calibrate 660 and 810 nm lasers for transcutaneous delivery of PBM to the cortical surface. We then used an in vivo weight drop mTBI model in adult rats and delivered daily optimized doses of 660, 810 nm, or combined 660/810 nm PBM. Functional recovery was assessed using novel object recognition (NOR) and beam balance tests, whilst histology and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the mTBI neuropathology. We found that PBM at 810, 660 nm, or 810/660 nm all significantly improved both NOR and beam balance performance, with 810 nm PBM having the greatest effects. Histology demonstrated no overt structural damage in the brain after mTBI, however, immunohistochemistry using brain sections showed significantly reduced activation of both CD11b

Indexed as

functional recoverymedical devicesneuroprotectionphotobiomodulationtraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID40060762
PMCPMC11883100

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.