Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40060019›Full record

ReviewBiophysical reviews2025

Wiener filter unifies Hilbert and Zernike phase plates in electron microscopy.

Kuniaki Nagayama

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biophysical reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Biophysical reviews · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Kuniaki NagayamaScience Communication Research Institute LLC, Lions Plaza 417, Minamiohta, Yokohama, 232-0006 Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-8092-3360

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report on two key discoveries resulting from the combination of the Hilbert phase plate (HPP) and the Wiener filter: firstly, the resolution of the HPP's mixed image problem through a one-step experiment, and secondly, the unification of the Zernike phase plate (ZPP) and the HPP. When the phase of the HPP is reduced to less than π, it produces a mixed image comprising both the normal and the differential images. The HPPU (left-right unified HPP), proposed to address this issue, required a two-step experimental process. However, during our efforts to resolve the mixed image problem using either the left or right HPP, we discovered that the Wiener filtering process not only addresses this issue but also facilitates the unification of the ZPP and HPP. We will discuss the theoretical development behind these discoveries and their verification through simulations of three phase contrast methods: the Scherzer, ZPP, and HPP methods.

Indexed as

DefocusElectron microscopyHilbert phase platePhase plateWiener filterZernike phase plate

Identifiers

PMID40060019
PMCPMC11885753

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.