ArticleJCI insight2025
Circulating neutralizing antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 variant replication following postvaccination infections.
Article in JCI insight, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
31 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The effect of preexisting neutralizing antibodies (NAb) on SARS-CoV-2 shedding in postvaccination infection (PVI) is not well understood. We characterized viral shedding longitudinally in nasal specimens in relation to baseline (pre/periinfection) serum NAb titers in 125 participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants. Among 68 vaccinated participants, we quantified the effect of baseline NAb titers on maximum viral RNA titers and infectivity duration. Baseline NAbs were higher and targeted a broader range of variants in participants with monovalent ancestral booster vaccinations compared with those with a primary vaccine series. In Delta infections, baseline NAb titers targeting Delta or Wuhan-Hu-1 correlated negatively with maximum viral RNA. Per log10 increase in Delta-targeting baseline NAb IC50, maximum viral load was reduced -2.43 (95% CI: -3.76, -1.11) log10 nucleocapsid copies, and infectious viral shedding was reduced -2.79 (95% CI: -4.99, -0.60) days. Conversely, in Omicron infections (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, or BA.5), baseline NAb titers against Omicron lineages or Wuhan-Hu-1 did not predict viral outcomes. Our results provide robust estimates of the effect of baseline NAbs on the magnitude and duration of nasal viral replication after PVI (albeit with an unclear effect on transmission) and show how immune escape variants efficiently evade these modulating effects.
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