ArticleThe Journal of veterinary medical science2025
Combined medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol anesthesia in mice has a central stress-relieving effect similar to that of isoflurane anesthesia.
Article in The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trifluridine/tipiracil enhances radiation-induced abscopal effects and augments PD-1 blockade in gastric cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a modified anesthetic protocol using dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol in mice.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Although the combination of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol (Me/Mi/Bu) is a commonly used surgical anesthetic for small laboratory animals, the effects of Me/Mi/Bu on the central nervous system remain to be confirmed, and some researchers have questioned the use of Me/Mi/Bu as a surgical anesthetic. Herein we employed cFos-immunohistochemistry to assess the stress-relieving effects of Me/Mi/Bu and isoflurane on the murine brain in response to restraint stress. The results demonstrated that the number of cFos-immunopositive cells in the paraventricular nucleus was significantly lower in the mice anesthetized with Me/Mi/Bu or isoflurane compared to those that were not anesthetized. These findings suggest that Me/Mi/Bu exerts an effect on the brain that is similar to that of isoflurane in alleviating the response to surgical procedures.
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