Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40057911›Full record

ArticleCancer discovery2025

T-cell Dependency of Tumor Regressions and Complete Responses with RAS(ON) Multi-selective Inhibition in Preclinical Models of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Margo Orlen, William P Vostrejs, Rina Sor, Jayne C McDevitt, Samantha B Kemp, Il-Kyu Kim, Adam B Kramer, Nataliya Tovbis Shifrin, Nune Markosyan, Cynthia Clendenin and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer discovery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Exosome-like nanoparticles derived fromInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. RAS-targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. A targeted combination therapy achieves effective pancreatic cancer regression and prevents tumor resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  16. Variable efficacy of the non-covalent KRASNPJ precision oncology · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Efficacy of dual KRASCell death & disease · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Margo OrlenDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-9834-6282
William P VostrejsDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-1659-0186
Rina SorAbramson Cancer Center and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0003-2042-5746
Jayne C McDevittDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0001-5261-394X
Samantha B KempDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-1505-4015
Il-Kyu KimDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-4661-0133
Adam B KramerAbramson Cancer Center and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0001-7818-3837
Nataliya Tovbis ShifrinRevolution Medicines, Redwood City, California.ORCID 0000-0002-4312-0606
Nune MarkosyanAbramson Cancer Center and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0003-4618-9454
Cynthia ClendeninAbramson Cancer Center and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0003-4535-2088
Mallika SinghRevolution Medicines, Redwood City, California.ORCID 0009-0003-0234-1589
Elsa QuintanaRevolution Medicines, Redwood City, California.ORCID 0000-0002-4123-1695
Marie MenardRevolution Medicines, Redwood City, California.ORCID 0000-0003-1511-4361
Robert H VonderheideDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-7252-954X
Ben Z StangerDepartment of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0003-0410-4037

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA CAN CTR SUPPORT GRANTP30CA016520 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Robert H. Vonderheide · 1985 to 2026
$222.3M
TRANSGENIC AND CHIMERIC MOUSE COREP30DK050306 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI REBECCA G WELLS · 1997 to 2026
$32.5M
Defining metabolic adaptations within the PDAC "arid" tumor microenvironmentR01CA252225 · NCI · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI DANG, CHI V., STANGER, BEN Z · 2021 to 2025
$2.8M
Stromal and vascular inputs into pancreatic cancer tumor neighborhoodsR01CA276512 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI M. CELESTE SIMON, BEN Z STANGER · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
Multidisciplinary Training in Gastrointestinal CancersT32CA285274 · NCI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Julian Abrams, Anil K Rustgi · 2024 to 2026
$897k
A Love for Life N/ABasser Center for BRCA N/ANational Cancer Institute (NCI) P30CA016520National Cancer Institute (NCI) R01CA252225National Cancer Institute (NCI) R01CA276512National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) P30DK050306NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016520NCI NIH HHS R01 CA252225NCI NIH HHS R01 CA276512NCI NIH HHS T32 CA285274NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK050306U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) W81XWH2210730
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Activating mutations in KRAS drive tumorigenesis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), promoting tumor cell proliferation and contributing to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, rendering PDAC tumors insensitive to immunotherapy. RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitors, such as daraxonrasib (RMC-6236) and RMC-7977, target the active state of RAS, with potent antitumor activity in PDAC murine models. In this study, we report that RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibition led to rapid and profound PDAC regressions in immunocompetent mice, decreasing myeloid cells and increasing T cells and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. The depth and duration of tumor regression depended on T cells and conventional dendritic cells. Moreover, the combination of RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitors with immunotherapy conferred deeper and more durable tumor regressions, including complete responses not seen with either treatment alone. In summary, concurrent inhibition of mutant and wild-type RAS is active in concert with T-cell immunotherapy, revealing RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitors as a potential therapeutic immuno-sensitizing strategy in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE: RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitors enhance antitumor immunity in preclinical models of PDAC, resulting in deeper and more durable responses when combined with immunotherapy. These findings support the clinical evaluation of immune-based strategies that may prolong the response to RAS inhibitor therapies as well as overcome issues of therapeutic resistance to inhibitors alone. See related commentary by Lasse Opsahl and Pasca di Magliano, p. 1537.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalPancreatic NeoplasmsProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)T-LymphocytesAnimalsAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalCarcinogenesisCell Line, TumorDrug Resistance, NeoplasmDrug Screening Assays, AntitumorDrug SynergismFemaleGain of Function MutationMaleMiceAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalPiperazinesProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)RAS Inhibitor A122RMC-7977

Identifiers

PMID40057911
PMCPMC12319402

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.