Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40057849›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2025

Phosphate Flame Retardants and Plasticizers and Their Association with Reproductive and Steroid Hormone Levels among Peripubertal-Aged Children: The Hokkaido Birth Cohort Study.

Atsuko Ikeda, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Yu Ait Bamai, Maarten Roggeman, Yoshinori Ikenaka, Yi Zeng, Ayaka Yasuda, Rahel Mesfin Ketema, Megasari Marsela, Celine Gys and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Silicone Wristbands for Measuring Human Exposure to Organic Chemicals: Uses and Benefits for Human Biological Research.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Atsuko IkedaFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3065-262X
Takeshi YamaguchiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6329-0437
Yu Ait BamaiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Maarten RoggemanToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Building S- Room S.551, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-6643-4907
Yoshinori IkenakaOne Health Research Center, Kita Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan.
Yi ZengFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1427-4307
Ayaka YasudaFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.ORCID 0009-0009-8552-0622
Rahel Mesfin KetemaFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2059-9498
Megasari MarselaFaculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Celine GysToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Building S- Room S.551, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.
Fatima den OudenToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Building S- Room S.551, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-6862-6059
Sachiko ItohCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
Akie NakamuraDepartment of Molecular Endocrinology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Takeya KittaAsahikawa Medical University, 1-1-1 Midorigaokahigashi 2 Jo, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan.
Masafumi KonFaculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan.
Atsushi ManabeFaculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan.
Adrian CovaciToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Building S- Room S.551, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0527-1136
Reiko KishiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated associations between exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers (PFRs) and reproductive and steroid hormones in peripubertal children from the Hokkaido Birth Cohort (429 children aged 9-12 years; between September 2017 and March 2020). Thirteen urinary PFR metabolites and 14 plasma steroid hormones were investigated using LC-MS/MS and four reproductive hormones were investigated using immunoassays. Linear regression for single PFR, quantile g-computation, and Bayesian machine kernel regression (BKMR) models for the PFR mixtures were used to examine the association between hormones and PFRs. Among boys, significant positive associations were observed between estradiol and ΣTCIPP and ΣTBOEP, and inverse associations were identified between insulin-like factor-3 (INSL3) and ΣTCIPP, and between luteinizing hormone (LH) and ΣEHDPHP. The PFR mixture was associated with the trends of increasing estradiol and androstenedione, and decreasing cortisol, cortisone, LH, inhibin B, and INSL3. Among girls, androstenedione and ΣTCIPP, testosterone and ΣEHDPHP, (androstenedione + testosterone)/DHEA-S and ΣTCIPP, and ΣEHDPHP and ΣTPHP were significantly correlated. The PFR mixture showed trends of increasing testosterone, androstenedione, and inhibin B, and decreasing cortisol, cortisone, and INSL3. Individual PFRs and PFR mixtures altered steroids and reproductive hormones in peripubertal children.

Indexed as

Flame RetardantsPlasticizersChildCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleOrganophosphatesFlame RetardantsOrganophosphatesPlasticizerschildrencross-sectionalendocrine disrupting chemicalsmenarcheorganophosphate triestersphosphate flame retardantspuberty

Identifiers

PMID40057849
PMCPMC11925054

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.