ArticleChild and adolescent psychiatry and mental health2025
Longitudinal associations between executive function and positive parenting during early childhood and resilience, self-regulation, and behavioral problems in school-age children.
Article in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Home Parenting Environment and Executive Function Development in 5- to 6-Year-Old Children: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study Using Multivariate Latent Growth Modeling.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Neurobiosensory and Visual Patterns of Attentional and Emotional Functioning in Children Using Machine Learning: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2026Article
- RDoC cognitive systems and emerging psychopathology: A latent variable analysis of teacher-reported psychosocial difficulties and executive function processes in young children.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Associations Between Caregiver Smartphone Use in a Child's Presence and Motor Skills and Executive Function in Preschoolers: SUNRISE International Study.Child: care, health and development · 2026Article
- Supporting social-emotional and behavioral skills in preschool children through gymnastics.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Personal Time, Parental Fairness, School Adjustment and Physical Activity Levels as Indicators of Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Measuring Maternal Resilience in the Context of Parenting Challenges: A Korean Adaptation of the Maternal Resilience Scale.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Homocysteine Mediates Cognitive Inflexibility Induced by Stress via Targeting PIN1.Brain sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLongitudinal studies of associations between executive function (EF) and parenting behaviors during early childhood and resilience, self-regulation, and behavioral problems in school-age children are scarce. This study aims to evaluate long-term associations between EF and parenting behaviors during preschool and resilience, self-regulatory efficacy, and behavioral problems in 9-year-old children.
methodsFrom February 2021-March 2022, 195 participants were enrolled from a larger longitudinal study conducted since age 6 months. Parents reported child EF difficulties and behavioral problems at ages 4, 6, and 9, as well as parenting behaviors at ages 4 and 6. Children reported resilience and self-regulatory efficacy at age 9. The relationships between these variables were analyzed using path analysis.
resultsAmong 195 participants (51.3% female) with a median age of 108 months (interquartile range 108-109), EF difficulties at ages 4 and 6 exhibited direct and indirect relationships with lower resilience, reduced self-regulatory efficacy, and behavioral problems at age 9. Positive parenting at ages 4 and 6 were indirectly associated with better resilience, self-regulatory efficacy, and fewer behavioral problems at age 9, mediated by reduced EF difficulties and behavioral problems during preschool.
conclusionsEF difficulties during preschool were correlated with decreased resilience, self-regulatory efficacy, and behavioral problems in school-age children. Interventions focusing on promoting EF and positive parenting during early childhood may alleviate behavioral problems and potentially enhance resilience and self-regulatory efficacy during school-age.
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