ArticleAging clinical and experimental research2025
Systemic immune inflammation mediates the association of serum omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with biological aging: a national population-based study.
Article in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Epigenetic Age Acceleration as a Modifiable Public Health Target: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Environmental, Behavioral, and Social Determinants with Development of the MEAB-Index.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Advancing Patient Care: The Role of Nutrition in Immune-Mediated Diseases, Spanning from Cancer to Autoimmunity.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The effect of Zuogui-Jiangtang-Yishen decoction on the intestinal flora's response to L-α-phosphatidylcholine and L-tyrosine in patients with diabetic kidney disease: anFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to explore the association between serum omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and biological aging, along with the potential mediating role of systemic immune inflammation (SII).
methodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 were used for analyses. Accelerated aging in participants was assessed by calculating the difference between phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and chronological age. Weighted multivariate linear regression models and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the correlation between serum n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and accelerated aging, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was applied to explore potential nonlinear relationships. We further conducted mediation analyses to assess the role of SII in these relationships. Additionally, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (QGC) models were conducted to investigate the mixed effects of serum PUFAs and identify the key contributor.
resultsA total of 3376 participants were enrolled in this study. In multivariate linear regression models, eight of the twelve individual serum PUFAs showed a significantly negative association with PhenoAge acceleration, Specifically, per-unit increases in linoleic acid (LA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), arachidonic acid (AA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were all associated with reduced PhenoAge acceleration (P < 0.05, respectively). Subgroup analysis demonstrated robust consistence results when stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. L-shaped nonlinear relationships were observed between PhenoAge acceleration with total n-6 PUFAs, LA and ALA (all P for nonlinear < 0.05). Mediation analyses indicated that SII mediated the relationship between serum PUFAs and reduced PhenoAge acceleration. Mixed-effects analysis using WQS and QGC models revealed that the combined effect of serum PUFAs on reducing PhenoAge acceleration, with DHA showing the strongest significant contribution.
conclusionsThis study demonstrated that higher levels of certain PUFAs were associated with a reduction in PhenoAge acceleration either individually or in combination, with DHA having the most prominent effect in mixed effects. The SII mediated these relationships, suggesting that PUFAs may slow biological aging by reducing inflammation. These findings highlighted the potential role of PUFAs in mitigating accelerated aging and their implications for aging-related health interventions.
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