Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40057576›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Brain and intracranial volumes are both enlarged and serve as potential risk factors in normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Dylan Hoyt, Clay M Oliver, Raza Mushtaq, Jacob J Knittel, Emily Foldes, Maddie Muenzer, Molly M McElvogue, Daniel A Keesler, J Gordon McComb, Justin L Hoskin and 1 more

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Dylan HoytDepartment of Radiology, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Clay M OliverCollege of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Raza MushtaqDepartment of Neuroradiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
Jacob J KnittelCollege of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Emily FoldesDepartment of Neuroradiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
Maddie MuenzerArizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Molly M McElvogueDepartment of Neuroradiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
Daniel A KeeslerDepartment of Radiology, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
J Gordon McCombDepartment of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Justin L HoskinDepartment of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Kevin S KingCollege of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA. Kevin.King@barrowneuro.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a poorly understood neurodegenerative condition leading to gait impairment and ultimately dementia. Prior work has shown larger intracranial volume (ICV) among those with NPH which has been taken to establish a link to Benign external hydrocephalus of infancy (BEH) as a predisposing factor. These studies have not evaluated brain volume which we hypothesize will also be elevated in NPH and account for the increase in ICV. Automated analysis was performed on CT head examinations from 305 NPH patients and 294 controls. Brain volume was ~ 4.8% larger in females (p < .001) and ~ 2.5% larger in males (p = .003) in NPH compared with controls and ICV was ~ 5.2% larger in females (p < .001) and ~ 3.7% larger in males (p < .001) with NPH compared with controls. The ratio of brain volume to intracranial volume in NPH versus controls was not significantly different for females (p = .4) or males, (p = .08). If BEH is a major cause of NPH this would then require that it also results in persistently enlarged brain volumes. Our data suggests large brain size itself is a risk factor for NPH and may help account for increased NPH risk among males.

Indexed as

BrainHydrocephalus, Normal PressureAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOrgan SizeRisk FactorsTomography, X-Ray Computed

Identifiers

PMID40057576
PMCPMC11890599

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.