Observational studyThe Journal of pediatrics2025
Neurobehavioral Profiles in Opioid-Exposed and Unexposed Neonates.
Observational study in The Journal of pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04149509 (ACT NOW Longitudinal Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ACT NOW Longitudinal Study: Outcomes of Babies With Opioid Exposure Study
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Balancing innovation and validation in neurobehavioral assessments.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Association between NNNS-II profiles and pharmacological treatment in infants with prenatal opioid exposure.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Association between NNNS-II Profiles and Pharmacological Treatment in Infants with Prenatal Opioid Exposure.Research square · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe distinctive profiles of neurobehavior in opioid-exposed and unexposed neonates. STUDY
designThe Outcomes of Babies with Opioid Exposure study is a multisite, prospective, observational study in neonates born at term with opioid exposure and unexposed controls. As part of the Outcomes of Babies with Opioid Exposure study protocol, certified examiners administered the NeoNatal Neurobehavioral Scales, second edition (NNNS-II) before 6 weeks postnatal age. We used latent profile analysis to determine distinctive classes of neurobehavior and linear mixed effect models to compare NNNS-II scores by exposure status.
resultsThe study included 291 neonates with NNNS-II, 194 exposed and 97 unexposed. Latent profile analysis resulted in 4 unique classes. Class 4 showed the most signs of stress and included almost exclusively exposed neonates. Scores for exposed neonates were significantly different than unexposed neonates on most NNNS-II subscales. In addition to opioids, associations were found between profile membership and prenatal exposure to benzodiazepines, e-cigarettes/tobacco, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
conclusionsNeonates with prenatal exposure to opioids and other psychotropic substances have distinctive patterns of neurobehavior. Additional follow-up is needed to determine if these neurobehavioral differences serve as a marker for future problems with attention and behavior. CLINICAL TRIALS: GOV REGISTRATION: NCT04149509.
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Registered trials
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