ArticleBMC ophthalmology2025
Accommodative and binocular characteristics in myopes with age-related accommodation deficiency.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Novel Test of Dynamic Visual Function: Comparison Between Presbyopic and Non-Presbyopic Individuals.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the Impact of Refractive and Ocular Residual Astigmatism on Stereopsis After Photorefractive Keratectomy in Patients With Myopic Astigmatism.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTo investigate accommodative and binocular characteristics in myopic patients with age-related accommodation deficiency, and to investigate the relationship of accommodation amplitude (AA) with other accommodative and binocular parameters.
methodsMyopic patients between 40 and 50 years old to undergo refractive surgery were enrolled. Accommodative function, including AA, positive and negative relative accommodation (PRA and NRA), accommodative response (binocular cross cylinder, BCC), and binocular accommodative facility (BAF) were examined. Binocular vision measurements including simultaneous perception, fusional vergence, and stereovision assessed with a synoptophore. Near point of convergence (NPC) and the gradient accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio were also measured. A questionnaire was used to assess subjective visual discomfort experienced after prolonged near work.
resultsA total of 145 subjects were evaluated, with a mean age of 42.59 ± 2.89 (SD) years. In the full data set, 96(66.21%) of patients had PRA (>-1.50 D), 21(14.48%) of patients had NRA (< 1.50 D), and 113(77.93%) of patients had BCC (< 0.25 D). Out of 97 patients, 17(17.53%) had AC/A (< 2), 54(55.67%) had NPC (> 7.5 cm), 51(52.58%) had BAF (< 5 cpm). As for the simultaneous perception, 59(60.82%) had values greater than 0 prism dioptres. Adjusting for associated factors, participants with lower AA were more likely to be older (odds ratio [OR], 2.080; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.523-2.841) and with milder myopia (OR, 1.280; 95% CI, 1.029-1.594). Lower BAF (OR, 4.990; 95% CI, 1.731-14.386) was more likely to be found in individuals with lower AA. The three most commonly reported visual discomforts were eye strain or soreness, ocular pain or headache, and blurred text.
conclusionFor myopes at the early stage of presbyopia, the continuous tension in the vergence system was also worthy of our attention, in addition to the well-known AA insufficiency. Comprehensive assessment of the binocular status and appropriate management is recommended before and after corneal refractive surgery.
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