ArticleNPJ biofilms and microbiomes2025
Echinacoside reduces intracellular c-di-GMP levels and potentiates tobramycin activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm aggregates.
Article in NPJ biofilms and microbiomes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Biofilm-mediated antibiotic tolerance in bacterial pathogens: Integrated molecular networks and novel therapeutic avenues.Virulence · 2026Review
- Antibiotic Resistance and the Return to a Pre-Antibiotic Era: A Critical Narrative Review of a Global Catastrophe.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Article
- The impact of inoculation methods on bacterial aggregation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Effects of theBiofilm · 2025Article
- Harnessing machine learning to predict antibiotic susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Multiple Strategies for the Application of Medicinal Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Controlling Microbial Biofilm and Virulence Properties.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact and applications of cyclic di-GMP second messenger signaling in biotechnology and medicine.Sustainable microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is a central biofilm regulator in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where increased intracellular levels promote biofilm formation and antibiotic tolerance. Targeting the c-di-GMP network may be a promising anti-biofilm approach, but most strategies studied so far aimed at eliminating surface-attached biofilms, while in vivo P. aeruginosa biofilms often occur as suspended aggregates. Here, the expression profile of c-di-GMP metabolism-related genes was analysed among 32 P. aeruginosa strains grown as aggregates in synthetic cystic fibrosis sputum. The diguanylate cyclase SiaD proved essential for auto-aggregation under in vivo-like conditions. Virtual screening predicted a high binding affinity of echinacoside towards the active site of SiaD. Echinacoside reduced c-di-GMP levels and aggregate sizes and potentiated tobramycin activity against aggregates in >80% of strains tested. This synergism was also observed in P. aeruginosa-infected 3-D alveolar epithelial cells and murine lungs, demonstrating echinacoside's potential as an adjunctive therapy for recalcitrant P. aeruginosa infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.