Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40055297›Full record

ArticleDiscover oncology2025

Unravelling the association between metformin and pan-cancers: Mendelian randomization combined with NHANES database analysis.

Jia-Cheng Xiang, Ye An, Jian-Xuan Sun, Jin-Zhou Xu, Yi-Fan Xiong, Shao-Gang Wang, Qi-Dong Xia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jia-Cheng Xiang *Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Ye An *Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Jian-Xuan SunDepartment and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Jin-Zhou XuDepartment and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Yi-Fan XiongDepartment and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Shao-Gang Wang *Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. sgwangtjm@163.com.
Qi-Dong Xia *Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. qidongxia_md@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAn increasing number of studies have focused on the anti-tumor effect of metformin in recent years. However, the effect of metformin on different cancers remains controversial and lacks consensus.

methodsA bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was used to assess causal relationships between metformin and 18 cancer types. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for reliability assessment. Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses considered three relevant factors simultaneously. MR analysis based on gene proxies was conducted as well for further validation. Logistic regression models were constructed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2013-2018) to evaluate the association between metformin and cancer.

resultsTwo-sample MR analysis identified metformin as a protective factor for pan cancer, prostate, ovarian, breast, esophageal, colorectal, and lung cancer. However, metformin was found to be a risk factor for bladder cancer. MVMR analysis confirmed metformin's significant protective effect on prostate and ovarian cancer. Logistic models based on NHANES data demonstrated metformin's significant protective effect against cancer in diabetes patients.

conclusionOur findings indicate a significant protective effect of metformin against prostate and ovarian cancer based on MR analysis. NHANES data further support a general protective effect of metformin against cancer. These findings warrant consideration of metformin in the context of cancer prevention and potential therapeutic strategies for prostate and ovarian cancer, though further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action and establish its role in anti-cancer therapy.

Indexed as

Mendelian randomizationMetforminNHANESPan-cancer

Identifiers

PMID40055297
PMCPMC11889302

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.