Voluntary and involuntary motor behaviours in the varieties of religious experience.

Christos Ganos, Michael A Ferguson, Kurt Gray, Andrew J Lees, Kailash P Bhatia, Patrick Haggard

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Brain communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Christos GanosMovement Disorder Clinic, Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada M5T 2S8.

Michael A FergusonCenter for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Kurt GrayDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-2676

Andrew J LeesReta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2476-4385

Kailash P BhatiaDepartment of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL, Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.

Patrick HaggardInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Religion is a widespread feature of human life. Religions typically include both distinctive varieties of experience and also a set of foundational beliefs. An additional, but often overlooked, part of many religions is their expression through specific actions, which we here designate religious motor behaviours. Here we describe these religious motor behaviours and offer a taxonomy based on the conceptual schemes of movement neuroscience and neurology. Thus, religious rituals include both behaviours characterized by decreased motor output (e.g. ritualistic silence) and behaviours characterized by increased motor output (e.g. ritual dances). Neurology often also distinguishes between movements that are

Indexed as

functional movement disordersmotor ritualsreligious motor behaviourssense of agencyvolition

Identifiers

PMID40051444

DOI10.1093/braincomms/fcae471

PMCPMC11882502

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.