Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40049164›Full record

ArticleCell2025

CXCL12 drives natural variation in coronary artery anatomy across diverse populations.

Pamela E Rios Coronado, Jiayan Zhou, Xiaochen Fan, Daniela Zanetti, Jeffrey A Naftaly, Pratima Prabala, Azalia M Martínez Jaimes, Elie N Farah, Soumya Kundu, Salil S Deshpande and 21 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. The genetics of the circle of Willis come full circle.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026
    Article
  4. Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Update of
    2024
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Pamela E Rios CoronadoDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jiayan ZhouDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Xiaochen FanDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Daniela ZanettiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
Jeffrey A NaftalyDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Pratima PrabalaDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Azalia M Martínez JaimesDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Elie N FarahDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Soumya KunduDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Salil S DeshpandeInstitute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ivy EvergreenDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Pik Fang KhoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Qixuan MaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Austin T HilliardVA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Sarah AbramowitzDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Sarnoff Cardiovascular Research Foundation, McLean, VA, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.
Saiju PyarajanCenter for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
Daniel DochtermannCenter for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
Million Veteran Program
Scott M DamrauerCorporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Kyong-Mi ChangCorporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Michael G LevinDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Virginia D WinnDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Anca M PaşcaDepartment of Pediatrics, Neonatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Mary E PlomondonDepartment of Medicine, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA; CART Program, VHA Office of Quality and Patient Safety, Washington, DC, USA.
Stephen W WaldoDepartment of Medicine, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA; CART Program, VHA Office of Quality and Patient Safety, Washington, DC, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Philip S TsaoVA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Anshul KundajeDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Neil C ChiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Shoa L ClarkeDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Kristy Red-HorseDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. Electronic address: kredhors@stanford.edu.
Themistocles L AssimesDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: tassimes@stanford.edu.

Funding

Phenotypic Diversity in COVID-19UL1TR001878 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI FITZGERALD, GARRET A · 2016 to 2025
$102.4M
Supplement to Enhance Wellness and Resiliency in the Graduate EnvironmentT32GM007276 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MORRISON, ASHBY J. · 1985 to 2023
$32.9M
Training In Cardiovascular Physiology & PharmacologyT32HL007444 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Ju Chen, Robert Scott Ross · 1985 to 2026
$11.1M
Institutional Career Development Core (KL2)KL2TR003143 · NCATS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ASCH, STEVEN M. · 2019 to 2023
$8.7M
Mechanotransduction and transcriptional regulation during artery developmentR01HL128503 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Mary Red-Horse · 2015 to 2026
$5.8M
Training in Myocardial Biology at Stanford (TIMBS)T32HL094274 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Euan A Ashley, Daniel Bernstein · 2010 to 2026
$5.0M
Predicting context-specific molecular and phenotypic effects of genetic variation through the lens of the cis-regulatory codeU01HG012069 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Anshul Kundaje · 2021 to 2026
$3.9M
Intersecting clinical, genomic, and experimental investigation to understand the mechanisms and impact of coronary artery patterningR01HL171326 · NHLBI · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI Themistocles L Assimes, Mary Red-Horse · 2024 to 2026
$2.0M
BLRD VA I01 BX003362NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR003143NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001878NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG012069NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL128503NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL171326NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007444NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL094274NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007276
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary arteries have a specific branching pattern crucial for oxygenating heart muscle. Among humans, there is natural variation in coronary anatomy with respect to perfusion of the inferior/posterior left heart, which can branch from either the right arterial tree, the left, or both-a phenotype known as coronary dominance. Using angiographic data for >60,000 US veterans of diverse ancestry, we conducted a genome-wide association study of coronary dominance, revealing moderate heritability and identifying ten significant loci. The strongest association occurred near CXCL12 in both European- and African-ancestry cohorts, with downstream analyses implicating effects on CXCL12 expression. We show that CXCL12 is expressed in human fetal hearts at the time dominance is established. Reducing Cxcl12 in mice altered coronary dominance and caused septal arteries to develop away from Cxcl12 expression domains. These findings indicate that CXCL12 patterns human coronary arteries, paving the way for "medical revascularization" through targeting developmental pathways.

Indexed as

Chemokine CXCL12Coronary VesselsAnimalsBlack PeopleFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleMicePolymorphism, Single NucleotideWhiteWhite PeopleChemokine CXCL12CXCL12 protein, humananatomycoronary arteryCxcl12dominanceGWASheritabilityhuman developmentmouse modelspopulation geneticsvascular patterning

Identifiers

PMID40049164
PMCPMC12029448

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.