ArticleArchives of gerontology and geriatrics2025
Social context matters: Neighborhood environment as a moderator of the longitudinal relationship between edentulism and cognitive function among older adults in the United States.
Article in Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Edentulism and risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease: A competing risk analysis by cognitive status.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Oral health conditions and domain-specific cognitive decline in older adults: evidence from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging 2005-2024.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Divergent effects of oral health and genetic risk: competing risks of dementia and mortality.Innovation in aging · 2026Article
- Machine learning approaches to racial/ethnic differences in social determinants of mild cognitive impairment and its progression to dementia in the All of Us Research Program.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Beyond Somatic Multimorbidity: Longitudinal Effects of Edentulism and Mental Health on Cognition in Older Adults.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- Edentulism, social mobility, and cognitive aging: a life course perspective.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious research has shown poor oral health and neighborhood environment are both risk factors for cognitive decline among older adults. Little research has assessed the synergistic effects of poor oral health and neighborhood environment on cognitive health. This study examined whether neighborhood environment moderates the relationship between edentulism and cognitive function over time.
methodsUsing data from the Health and Retirement Study, we analyzed 9,994 adults aged 60 and older with 39,976 person-wave observations over 14 years (2006-2020). Cognitive function was measured using the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. Edentulism status was self-reported complete tooth loss. Neighborhood environment included perceived neighborhood cohesion and disorder. We used linear mixed-effect models to examine the moderation effect of neighborhood environment on the association between edentulism and cognitive function over time.
resultsEdentulous participants (22.4 %) showed an accelerated decline over time in cognitive function compared to dentate participants (β = -0.57, 95 % CI: -0.98, -0.16). The analysis revealed that neighborhood cohesion moderated the relationship between edentulism and cognitive function over time (β = 0.08, 95 % CI: 0.01, 0.15). Specifically, among individuals reporting higher neighborhood cohesion, the negative effect of edentulism on cognitive decline was attenuated. Neighborhood disorder had no significant associations with cognitive function.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates the relationship between edentulism and cognitive function varies by levels of neighborhood cohesion. The findings highlight the significance of neighborhood context in understanding the relationship between oral health and cognitive aging and suggest interventions addressing community environment may be particularly relevant for older adults with oral health challenges.
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