ArticleMetabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society2025
Differential metabolic profiles by Hispanic ethnicity among male Tucson firefighters.
Article in Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect biomonitoring in a controlled firefighting setting: an untargeted metabolomic pilot study.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Differential metabolic profiles by training fire exposure in female firefighters.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2026Article
- Evaluating urinary metabolic profiles with wildland-urban-interface (wui) fire exposure among male firefighters: a comparison with municipal structure fires (msf).Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
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Abstract
introductionFirefighters face regular exposure to known and probable human carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzene, and formaldehyde, leading to an increased risk of various cancers compared to the general population. Hispanic and black firefighters are at increased risk of additional cancers not elevated in non-Hispanic white firefighters, yet biological pathways underlying these differences are unknown.
objectivesThe study objectives were to evaluate differences in the urinary metabolome between Hispanic and non-Hispanic firefighters, pre-and post-fireground exposure.
methodsTo investigate the metabolic patterns, we employed a comprehensive metabolomics pipeline that leveraged liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. We applied linear mixed effects regression to identify the differential metabolites at an FDR < 0.05 among 19 Hispanic and 81 non-Hispanic firefighters. We also performed overrepresentation analysis using Mummichog to identify enriched pathways at FDR < 0.05.
resultsOut of 175 features in HILIC(-) mode and 1847 features in RP(+) mode, we found 26 and 276 differential urinary features, respectively, when comparing Hispanic and non-Hispanic firefighters. We noted pathway enrichment in tryptophan and galactose metabolism. However, post-exposure, we did not observe differences in the metabolomic response by ethnicity despite differing fireground exposures.
conclusionDysregulation in the tryptophan and galactose pathway is an important contributor to cancer risks and may explain the increased cancer risk among Hispanic firefighters.
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